Nzvimbo yekuchenesa Mvura Yakasviba yeSlaughterhouse

Nhanganyaya: Dambudziko reKucheneswa kweMarara eSlaughterhouse

Nyanzvi yekugadzira huku mumaindasitiri yakaongorora mutengo wedu wepamusoro PolyDADMAC chigadzirwa chekugadzirisa mitengo yemakemikari uye kuvandudza mashandiro ekujekesa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ekushanda.

Mvura yakasviba yekuurawa ndeimwe yemvura inotsvedza mumaindasitiri yakaoma kurapa nekuda kwekuwanda kwayo muzvinhu zvakasimba zvakamiswa, mapuroteni, mafuta, mafuta, masara eropa, uye zvinhu zvakasikwa. Izvi zvinokonzera kusvibiswa kwakanyanya, kudiwa kweokisijeni yemakemikari (COD), uye kudiwa kweokisijeni yemakemikari (BOD), zvichiita kuti kudiwa kukuru kwecoagulation uye flocculation processes kuve kwakanyanya.

Kune nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuchenesa mvura yakasviba, aruminiyamu sulfate ndiyo inonyanya kuomesesa nekuda kwekuwanikwa kwayo uye mutengo wayo wakaderera. Zvisinei, kurapa mvura yakasviba yakaoma inourayirwa kumba kunoda huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura, kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemakemikari, kugadzirwa kwetsvina, uye mari yekushandisa.

Chidzidzo ichi chinoratidza mhedzisiro yakawanikwa nemuchina wekugadzira huku weindasitiri wakaongorora chigadzirwa chedu chePDADMAC (PolyDiallyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride) sechikamu chechirongwa chayo chekurapa chiripo. Takapa chigadzirwa ichi pamwe chete nemazano ekushandisa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushanda kwemutengi. Mutengi akaita miedzo yezvirimwa uye akaenzanisa mashandiro acho nemaitiro ekurapa akajairika.

Zvakabuda zvakaratidza kuti muyero wakaderera wekurapwa unogona kuwanikwa uku uchideredza kushandiswa kwemakemikari, zvichipa mabhenefiti anoyerwa ehupfumi pasina kukanganisa mashandiro ekurapwa.

Nhoroondo yeIndasitiri: Kuisa Zvinhu Zvakanyanya Kusvibisa uye Kudiwa kweCoagulants

Mvura yakasviba inogadzirwa panguva yekugadzirisa huku nemhuka ine musanganiswa wakaoma wezvinhu zvinosvibisa, zvinosanganisira:

Ropa uye mapuroteni anonyunguduka
Mafuta emhuka nemafuta
Zvinhu zvakasimba zvakasungirirwa zvakanaka
Nhenga nezvidimbu zvenyama
Kuwanda kwezvinhu zvipenyu
pH inoshanduka uye kushanduka kwemwaka

Kana tichienzanisa nemvura yakasviba yemumaguta, mvura yakasviba yekuurawa inowanzova nehuwandu hwakanyanya hwekusvibisa. Sezvo huwandu hwekugadzirwa huchichinja mukati mezuva, hunhu hwemvura yakasviba hunogonawo kuchinja zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti kujekesa kwacho kuve kwakaoma.

Saka kuomeswa kwesimbi zvakanaka kwakakosha pakubvisa zvinhu zvakasimba zvakasungirirwa usati warapwa kana kubudiswa mumuviri. Kusarudza makemikari akakodzera ekurapa kunoita basa guru mukudzora mari yekushandisa uku uchichengetedza kushanda kwakasimba.

Nhoroondo yeVatengi: Kutsvaga Mhinduro yeCoagulants neFlocculants Inodhura Mari Yakawanda

Mutengi uyu inzvimbo huru yekugadzira huku mumaindasitiri ine sisitimu yekuchenesa mvura yakasviba.

Chinangwa chayo chekurapa chaive chakajeka:

Chengetedza mashandiro ekujekesa akavimbika
Deredza kushandiswa kwemakemikari
Mari shoma yekushanda pamwedzi
Kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekurapa

Vasati vaongorora, nzvimbo iyi yainyanya kushandisa aluminium sulfate kuti iome. Kunyangwe maitiro aripo aienderana nezvinodiwa pakugadzira, mainjiniya emiti vakaona kuti chiyero chaidiwa chakaramba chakakwira, zvichikonzera mari yakawanda yemakemikari pamwedzi. Saka mutengi akatanga kuongorora dzimwe nzira dzekubatsira pakuomesesa dzinokwanisa kuvandudza kushanda kweomesesa ukuwo dzichideredza kushandiswa kwemakemikari ese.

Nzvimbo yeVatengi yeKugadzira Huku yeMarara

Mamiriro Ekurapwa Aripo Nekushandisa Traditional Aluminum Sulfate Coagulant

Vasati vaongorora PDADMAC, mutengi aivimba nealuminium sulfate semushonga mukuru wekugadzirisa mvura yakasviba. Avhareji yemuyero wekushanda waive 340 ppm, uye kushandiswa kwemakemikari pamwedzi kwaisvika matani zana nemakumi masere. Chirongwa ichi chekurapa chakaita kuti mutengo wemakemikari wepamwedzi unofungidzirwa weinenge US$63,000.

Kunyangwe kushanda kwekujekesa kwacho kwakazadzisa zvinodiwa zvefekitori, huwandu hwakawanda hwemushonga hwakabatsira pakuwedzera kushandiswa kwemakemikari, kugadzirwa kwetsvina yakawanda, uye kukwira kwemitengo yekushandisa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mutengi akatanga kutsvaga mikana yekuvandudza kushanda kweropa uku achideredza kushandiswa kwemakemikari.

Kuongorora kwePolyDADMAC uye Kuedzwa kweKushandisa

Mushure mekuongorora hunhu hwemvura yakasviba yemutengi uye mamiriro ekushanda kwayo, takapa chigadzirwa chedu chePDADMAC uye takapa mazano ekushandisa maererano nekuongorora kwemuyero uye maitiro ekuyedza.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti chirongwa chekurapa mvura yakasviba, nzira yekupa mushonga, uye kugadzirisa maitiro ekupedzisira zvakaongororwa uye zvakasimbiswa nemutengi panguva yekuedzwa panzvimbo. Basa redu raive rekupa mhando yechigadzirwa inoenderana uye nhungamiro yehunyanzvi yekutsigira maitiro ekuongorora.

Chinangwa chemuyedzo uyu chaive chekuona kana PDADMAC ichigona kuvandudza mashandiro ekudzivirira ropa uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari zvichienzaniswa nechirongwa chekurapa chiripo.

Kuedzwa kweMiti Kuitwa kwePolyDADMAC Coagulant Aid

Mutengi akaita bvunzo dzekuenzanisa pasi pemamiriro ekugadzirwa kwakajairika achishandisa nzira dzakafanana dzemvura yakasviba. Munguva yekuongorora, mashandiro ekurapa airamba achitariswa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti akajeka zvakanaka uku achigadzirisa zvishoma nezvishoma chiyero chemakemikari.

Zvinodiwa zvikuru pakuongorora zvinosanganisira:

Kushanda kwekujekesa
Kuumbwa kwemaruva
Hunhu hwekugadzirisa
Kushandiswa kwemakemikari
Mari yekushandisa

Pane kutsiva maitiro ese ekurapa, mutengi akatarisa pakuona kana kushandiswa kwakanaka kwePDADMAC kuchigona kuvandudza kushanda kwe coagulation uye kuderedza huwandu hwemakemikari anodiwa. Ongororo iyi yakaitwa mukati menguva dzakawanda dzekugadzira kuitira kuti mhedzisiro yacho iratidze mamiriro chaiwo ekushanda kwete kuongororwa kwenguva pfupi murabhoritari.

Mhedzisiro Yekuyedza: Kuchengetedza Mari Yakakosha uye Kuderedza Dosage

Mushure mekuisa PDADMAC (PolyDADMAC) mukuita kwekuonda, mutengi akaona kuti sisitimu yekurapa mvura yakasviba yakaramba ichishanda zvakanaka uku ichishanda nechiyero chakaderera zvikuru. Avhareji yechiyero chekurapa yakaderedzwa kusvika pa200 ppm, uye mutengo wemakemikari wepamwedzi wakaderera kusvika paUS$52,000.

Zvichienzaniswa nemamiriro ekutanga ekushanda, chirongwa chakagadziridzwa chakaderedza huwandu hwemakemikari neinenge 41% uye chakagadzira mari inofungidzirwa pamwedzi inosvika US$11,000. Zvichienderana nekushanda kwefekitori nguva dzose, izvi zvinomiririra kuchengetedza mari yemakemikari pagore inosvika US$132,000.

Kuenzanisa Kwekushanda: Chirongwa cheAluminium Sulfate vs. PDADMAC

Mushure mekuongororwa kwemuti, mutengi akasimbisa kuti kuisa PDADMAC (PolyDADMAC) mukuita kwekubatanidza mabhakitiriya kwakavandudza kushanda kwekurapa ukuwo kuchideredza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemakemikari.

Zvichienzaniswa nechirongwa chekurapa chekutanga, chiyero chemakemikari chaidiwa chakaderedzwa kubva340 ppm kusvika 200 ppm, inomiririra fungidziroKuderedzwa kwe41%Mari inoshandiswa pamakemikari pamwedzi yakadererawo kubva paavhareji yeUS$63,000 kusvika US$52,000, zvichikonzera mari inofungidzirwa kuti ichachengetwa pamwedzi inosvikaUS$11,000uye mari inogona kuchengetwa pagore inosvikaUS$132,000.

Pamusoro pekuderedza mari yekushandisa, mutengi akaona kuumbwa kwefloc kwakarongeka uye kushanda kwakasimba mukujekesa mukati menguva yese yekuongorora. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti, kana ikashandiswa nemazvo, PDADMAC inogona kuwedzera kushanda kwemacoagulants echinyakare, zvichibatsira nzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura yakasviba mumaindasitiri kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro uku ichideredza kushandiswa kwemakemikari.

Kunyangwe mashandiro ekurapa achienderana nehunhu hwemvura yakasviba, mamiriro ekushanda, uye dhizaini yemiti, nyaya iyi inoratidza kuti PolyDADMAC inogona sei kushanda serubatsiro rwe flocculant runoshanda mukurapa mvura yakasviba munzvimbo dzekuurayira.

Nei PolyDADMAC Yakavandudza Kubudirira Kwekurapa

Mvura yakasviba yekuurawa ine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa negative charge colloidal, zvinosanganisira mapuroteni, zvinhu zvakapfava zve organic, uye mafuta akasanganiswa. Zvinhu izvi zvakaoma kubvisa uchishandisa ma coagulants echinyakare chete, kunyanya kana huwandu hwemvura yakasviba huchichinja.

PolyDADMAC (PolyDiallyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride)ipolymer yecationic ine simba guru rekuwedzera simba inoshanda zvikuru kuburikidza nekuderedza simba remagetsi uye kuderedza simba remagetsi.

Mukushandiswa uku, PDADMAC yakabatsira mukuvandudza mashandiro nenzira dzakasiyana siyana:

Kuderedza Kushandiswa Kwechaja Kwakawedzerwa:Hunhu hwakasimba hwePDADMAC hwe cationic hunobatsira kuderedza zvidimbu zvakamiswa zvisina chaji zvakanaka, zvichideredza kudiwa kwezvinokonzera macoagulant.
Kuvandudzwa kweKuumbwa kweFloc:Kana zvangogadziriswa, zvidimbu zvidiki zvinoungana nekukurumidza kuita maflocs makuru, zvichivandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwesedimentation uye zvichideredza kusvibiswa.
Kuparadzaniswa Kwemvura Yakasimba Nekukurumidza:Matanda akasimba uye akasimba anogadzikana nekukurumidza, zvichiita kuti kujekesa kushande zvakanaka muzvikamu zvekutanga zve sedimentation.
Kuderedzwa kweKudiwa kweCoagulant:Nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwekushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzirisa zvakatipoteredza, sisitimu iyi inoda aluminium sulfate shoma kuti iwane mhedzisiro yakafanana.
Kugadzikana Kwemaitiro Kuri Nani:Sisitimu iyi inobatsirwa nepolymer inoita kuti mvura yakasviba isanyanya kuchinja, izvo zvinowanzoonekwa munzvimbo dzekuurayira.

Mamwe Mabhenefiti Ekushanda Akaonekwa nePDADMAC

Kunze kwekuderedzwa kwemitengo yemakemikari, mutengi akataurawo nezvekuvandudzwa kwakati wandei kwekushanda panguva yekuongorora:

Kunyatsojeka kwekushanda kwakasimba panguva yekugadzirwa kwepamusoro-soro
Maitiro ekugadzirisa tsvina akavandudzwa
Kuderedzwa kwekushanduka kwetsvina yemvura yakarapwa
Kuderera kwesimba rekubata makemikari nekuda kwekudzikira kwezvinodiwa zvemuyero
Kuvandudzwa kwekutonga kwemaitiro ese

Kuvandudzwa uku kwakabatsira kuti mabasa ekurapa mvura yakasviba afambe zvakanaka zuva nezuva uye kuderedza kushushikana kwevashandi vekurapa.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvekufunga Nezvevashandisi veMarara neVatengesi veFlocculant

Ongororo iyi inoratidza mhedziso dzinoverengeka dzakakosha dzevashandi vekurapa mvura yakasviba mumaindasitiri:

Mvura yakasviba yekuurawa inoda nzira dzinoshanda zvikuru dzekuomesa majoini nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo kwakaoma.
Chiyero chakawanda chealuminium sulfate hachiwanzo shandura kuita zvakanaka
Kusashanda kwemari kwakavakirwa papolymer kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushanda kweropa
Kuderedza huwandu hwemakemikari kunogoneka pasina shanduko huru dzezvivakwa
Kugadzirisa maitiro kunogona kuchengetedza mari yakawanda kwenguva refu

Zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti mhedzisiro inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nehunhu hwemvura yakasviba, marongerwo esystem, uye mamiriro ekushanda. Nzvimbo yega yega inofanirwa kuita ongororo yayo kuti ione nzira dzakakodzera dzekuyedza.

Mutsetse weKugadzira weYuncang Chemical Advanced

Kugadzira Kwepamusoro & Kuvimbisa Hunhu

Tichishandisa michina yekugadzira makemikari ine simba guru kubvira muna 2009. Tinoona kuti zvinhu zvinogadzirwa zvakanaka uye kuti zvinogadzirwa zvakanaka zvinogara kwenguva refu pasi rose.

Nezve PolyDADMAC Yedu: Vatengesi vePolyDADMAC Vakavimbika

PDADMAC yedu (PolyDiallyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride) ipolymer yecationic inoshanda zvakanyanya yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzemaindasitiri ekurapa mvura, kusanganisira:

Nzvimbo yekuurayira nekugadzira nyama tsvina
Mvura inorasika yechikafu nezvinwiwa
Mapepa nemarara emvura
Masisitimu ekuchenesa mvura yetsvina yejira
Maitiro ekujekesa mvura yakasviba mumaindasitiri

Tinopa PDADMAC mumagiredhi akagadzikana eindasitiri akakodzera masisitimu ekurapwa anoenderera mberi uye mashandisirwo ekurapa akawandisa.

Hatipe masisitimu ekugadzirisa mvura yakasviba anoshandiswa nevanhu kana mabasa ekugadzira zvinhu zvizere. Asi, tinonyanya kutarisa pakupa zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvemhando yepamusoro uye kupa gwara rekushandisa zvichibva padata remvura yakasviba rinopihwa nevatengi uye mhinduro dzekushanda. Kugadzira kwekupedzisira kwekugadzirisa, kusarudza maitiro, uye kugadzirisa mashandiro zvinoramba zviri mutoro wemushandisi wekupedzisira kana mubatsiri wavo weinjiniya.